“Developed by the Open Science Monitoring Initiative (OSMI) through a collaborative consultation process with nearly 200 experts from six continents, the Principles offer guidance to governments, funders, institutions, and open infrastructure providers as they develop monitoring approaches suited to their unique contexts. The publication responds to the 2021 UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science, which called for the creation of robust frameworks to support national and international efforts to make science more open, inclusive, and impactful.”